SEQUENTIAL INDUCTION OF CHIRALITY IN POLY(PHENYLACETYLENE)S

Several hierarchical levels of chirality have been detected in functionalized poly(phenylacetylene)s (PPA).1 In this work we have studied the chirality induction throughout these levels in PPA functionalized with phenylglycine methyl ester groups, Fig. 1.2 These pendant groups force the PPA chain to lose its planar all-transoid shape to form helical structures. The chiral seed of the pendants, [(R)- or (S)-], dictates the preferent handedness of the helices, both the internal polyacetylene helical covalent backbone and the external helix formed by the side pendants which forms a complementary helix or counter-helix. In this work, we afford a full assessment of the interconnection between stereocenter and helix sources of chirality and the action of these polymers as chiral templates of other supra-molecular structures with inherited chiral properties. We then used VCD spectroscoy to demonstrate the chiral induction from the stereogenic centers to the backbone helix and from this to the pendant helix, which are largely promoted by two mechanisms: steric effects and hydrogen bonding. In addition, the VCD spectra supported that the helical setup of the pendants induces the solvent DMSO molecules to adopt a solvation helix around the polymer, thus proving how an achiral solvent becomes chirally organized owing to the template effect of the covalent polymer helices. A similar effect was observed in DMSO solutions of the monomeric units. Interestingly, this resulted in opposite helical sense to the one observed in the polymer with identical enantiomeric form.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

An empirical evaluation for business process tools

As the use of web grows, organizations are increasingly choosing to use it to provide their services. The modeling process is a previous step in the systematization of a process. Due to the great number of modeling tools in existence, it is necessary to identify the information that tools allow to specify. A set of concepts is proposed to evaluate modeling tools using three levels of abstractions. The proposal compares the modeling capabilities supplied by the different techniques and allows determining what modeling tool is the most appropriate to model specific concepts of interest to a problem.1st International Workshop on Advanced Software Engineering: Expanding the Frontiers of Software Technology - Session 2: Software ModelingRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

¿Qué Método Utilizar Para Estimar la Temperatura estática de una formación de Petróleo?

Conocer la temperatura estática de una formación de petróleo es importante a la hora de evaluar y terminar un pozo. Existe una gran variedad de métodos para la determinación de esta temperatura. Cada método utiliza hipótesis y simplificaciones distintas que llevan a estimaciones diferentes, en algunos casos bastante alejadas del valor real. Esto hace difícil saber qué método utilizar. En este trabajo, se aplican los métodos de cálculo más comunes - Horner (HM), flujo radial y esférico (SRM), de las dos medidas (TLM) y de fuente de calor cilíndrica (CSM)- a cuatro pozos distintos. Se describe cómo aplicarlos en casos reales. Se presta especial atención a establecer los datos necesarios en cada caso: propiedades termo-físicas y número de medidas, y se proporcionan criterios para estimarlos en caso de no conocer su valor real. Como conclusiones a este trabajo se presentan una serie de pautas que permiten seleccionar el método de cálculo más conveniente en función de la información de que se dispong

A Practical Environment to Apply Model-Driven Web Engineering

The application of a model-driven paradigm in the development of Web Systems has yielded very good research results. Several research groups are defining metamodels, transformations, and tools which offer a suitable environment, known as model-driven Web engineering (MDWE). However, there are very few practical experiences in real Web system developments using real development teams. This chapter presents a practical environment of MDWE based on the use of NDT (navigational development techniques) and Java Web systems, and it provides a practical evaluation of its application within a real project: specialized Diraya.Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia TIN2007-67843-C06-03Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia TIN2007-30391-

Laboratorios virtuales y remotos en electrónica y telecomunicaciones: una revisión técnica en educación

Training in analysis of electrical and electronic circuits is a fundamental area in the learning process of future bachelors in areas related to electronics and telecommunications, therefore, preparation in Know-How is a stage that must be part of the process where the evolution of engineering and the fourth industrial revolution have changed not only technology but also the path of teaching. In this sense, this article conducts a systematic search of the different success stories published today to establish current trends in virtual environment design based on the teaching of circuit analysis.La formación en análisis de circuitos eléctricos y electrónicos es un área fundamental en el proceso de aprendizaje de los futuros profesionales de áreas relacionadas con la electrónica y las telecomunicaciones, por lo tanto, la preparación en el saber hacer es una etapa que hace parte en el proceso de aprendizaje donde la evolución de la ingeniería y la cuarta revolución industrial han cambiado no solo la tecnología sino también la forma de enseñar. En ese sentido este artículo contempla la revisión bibliográfica sobre laboratorios virtuales y remotos a través del uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y comunicación aplicadas al área de electrónica y telecomunicaciones para establecer las tendencias actuales en diseño de ambientes virtuales en función a la enseñanza del análisis de circuitos

Controller tuning by means of multi-objective optimization algorithms: a global tuning framework

© 2013 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.A holistic multi-objective optimization design technique for controller tuning is presented. This approach gives control engineers greater flexibility to select a controller that matches their specifications. Furthermore, for a given controller it is simple to analyze the tradeoff achieved between conflicting objectives. By using the multi-objective design technique it is also possible to perform a global comparison between different control strategies in a simple and robust way. This approach thereby enables an analysis to be made of whether a preference for a certain control technique is justified. This proposal is evaluated and validated in a nonlinear multiple-input multiple-output system using two control strategies: a classical proportional- integral-derivative control scheme and a feedback state controller.This work was supported in part by the FPI-2010/19 Grant and the Project PAID-06-11 from the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia and in part by the Projects DPI2008-02133, TIN2011-28082, and ENE2011-25900 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation.Reynoso Meza, G.; García-Nieto Rodríguez, S.; Sanchís Saez, J.; Blasco, X. (2013). Controller tuning by means of multi-objective optimization algorithms: a global tuning framework. IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology. 21(2):445-458. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCST.2012.2185698S44545821

Consequence analysis of an explosion by simple models: Texas refinery gasoline explosion case

Accidents in petrochemical plants and oil refineries are quite destructive, due to the high reactivity of chemicals involved in them. An accident that occurred in the Texas City refinery, on March 23rd 2005, consisting on a vapour cloud explosion (VCE) that followed a gasoline release and caused 15 deaths, has been studied in terms of people vulnerability to overpressure and thermal radiation. With this aim, simple models (TNT, TNO Multi-Energy, BST) have been used in order to evaluate the effects of the explosion.Moreover, a thermal radiation model was used to estimate the damage caused by the heat released as consequence of the explosion. Finally, the Probit methodology was used to evaluate the vulnerability of persons. Although differences between the data derived from each of them existed, they all reproduced actual damages with a reasonable accuracy. The results reached let us say that the TNO and BST models predict with a reasonable accuracy the effects of the explosion that occurred. Furthermore, the use of simplified empirical models can be used for risk assessment

Demographic, social, and economic factors of internalizing problems in referred and non-referred adolescents

Depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation are common internalizing problems during adolescence. Numerous studies have explored the role of certain demographic, social, and economic factors in their development in referred or non-referred adolescents, but not simultaneously in both groups. In this study, we examined the association between age, gender, parents’ educational level, and socioeconomic status (SES) and depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in a referred group (n = 211) and a non-referred (n = 1401) group of adolescents. We also examined the moderating role that these factors play in the relationships between both internalizing problems. The results showed: higher levels of depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in the referred group; an increase in both problems during early-to-middle adolescence in the non-referred group; an association between low SES and suicidal ideation in both groups; an association between low father’s education level and depressive symptoms in the non-referred group; and no gender differences in either of these two internalizing problems. The moderation analyses showed that age, in referred adolescents, and SES, in non-referred adolescents, moderated the relationship between depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. This study contributes to the identification of groups of vulnerable adolescents that could constitute the target populations of preventive programs.Universidad de Sevill

Differential responses of the mammalian retinal ganglion cell line RGC-5 to physiological stimuli and trophic factors

The rat retinal ganglion cell (RGC) line RGC-5 constitutes a widely used model for studying physiological processes in retinal cells. In this paper we investigated the expression of clock and immediately early genes, and calcium mediated responses to physiological stimuli in differentiated and mitotically active RGC-5 cells. To this end, we attempted to differentiate the RGC-5 cells with a variety of effectors classically used to induce morphological differentiation. No sign of morphological differentiation was observed after 24 h of treatment with BDNF (80 ng/mL), NGF (100 ng/mL) and retinoic acid (20 ng/mL), among others. Only staurosporine (SSP) was able to promote neurite outgrowth at concentrations ranging from 53.5 to 214 nM. However, apoptotic nuclei were seen at 24 h of treatment using DNA staining, and a few cells remained at 72 h post-treatment. Concentrations of SSP lower than 214 nM were partially effective in inducing cell differentiation. Dividing RGC-5 cells express the RGC marker Thy-1 and different clock genes such as Per1, Clock and Bmal1. When characterizing the responsiveness of proliferative RGC-5 cells we found that in most of them, brief pulses of 50% FBS induced c-Fos and PER1 expression. Subsets of RGC-5 cells displayed significant changes in intracellular Ca2+ levels by ATP (100 mM) but not by glutamate (100–200 mM) stimulation. On the basis of cell morphology, size and complexity and effector responsiveness it was possible to distinguish different subpopulations within the cell line. The results demonstrate that only SSP is effective in promoting RGC-5 morphological differentiation, though the treatment provoked cell death. Proliferative cells expressing the RGC marker Thy-1 and a number of clock genes, responded differentially to diverse physiological stimuli showing a rapid c-Fos and PER1 induction by FBS stimulation, and an increase in intracellular Ca2+ by ATP.Fil: Nieto, Paula Sofia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Acosta Rodríguez, Victoria América. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Valdez, Diego Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Guido, Mario Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba; Argentin

Incorporación de la tecnología de la información a la actividad bancaria en España : la banca por internet

Artículo de revistaLos autores describen la situacion de la banca por Internet en España, asi como los nuevos modelos de negocio; presentan los desafios que la incorporacion de la tecnologia de la informacion supone para gestores y supervisores de las entidades de credito desde el punto de vista de la gestion de riesgos y la regulación. Para todo ello, utilizan los resultados de la encuesta sobre la actividad financiera por Internet que el Banco de España realizo a comienzos de este año. Incluye graficos, datos estadisticos y bibliografia